{"id":264438,"date":"2024-11-13T21:21:11","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T21:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/2024\/11\/13\/12000-year-old-stones-may-be-oldest-example-of-wheel-like-tools\/"},"modified":"2025-06-25T17:10:31","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T17:10:31","slug":"12000-year-old-stones-may-be-oldest-example-of-wheel-like-tools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/2024\/11\/13\/12000-year-old-stones-may-be-oldest-example-of-wheel-like-tools\/","title":{"rendered":"12,000-year-old stones may be oldest example of wheel-like tools"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> [ad_1]<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"\">\n<figure class=\"ArticleImage\">\n<div class=\"Image__Wrapper\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"Image\" width=\"1350\" height=\"900\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg\" sizes=\"(min-width: 1288px) 837px, (min-width: 1024px) calc(57.5vw + 55px), (min-width: 415px) calc(100vw - 40px), calc(70vw + 74px)\" srcset=\"https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=300 300w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=400 400w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=500 500w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=600 600w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=700 700w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=800 800w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=837 837w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=900 900w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1003 1003w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1100 1100w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1200 1200w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1300 1300w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1400 1400w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1500 1500w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1600 1600w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1674 1674w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1700 1700w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1800 1800w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=1900 1900w, https:\/\/images.newscientist.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/13170628\/SEI_229460020.jpg?width=2006 2006w\" loading=\"eager\" fetchpriority=\"high\" data-image-context=\"Article\" data-image-id=\"2456270\" data-caption=\"A perforated pebble from the Nahal Ein Gev II archaeological site, which may be an ancient spindle whorl\" data-credit=\"Laurent Davin\"\/><\/div><figcaption class=\"ArticleImageCaption\">\n<div class=\"ArticleImageCaption__CaptionWrapper\">\n<p class=\"ArticleImageCaption__Title\">A perforated pebble from the Nahal Ein Gev II archaeological site, which may be an ancient spindle whorl<\/p>\n<p class=\"ArticleImageCaption__Credit\">Laurent Davin<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/p>\n<p>A set of 12,000-year-old pierced pebbles excavated in northern Israel may be the oldest known hand-spinning whorls \u2013 a textile technology that may have ultimately helped inspire the invention of the wheel.<\/p>\n<p>Serving as a flywheel at the bottom of a spindle, whorls allowed people to efficiently spin natural fibres into yarns and thread to create clothing and other textiles. The newly discovered stone tools represent early axle-based rotation technology thousands of years before the first carts, says <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Talia-Yashuv\">Talia Yashuv<\/a> at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen you look back to find the first vehicle wheels 6000 years ago, it\u2019s not like it just came out of nowhere,\u201d she says. \u201cIt\u2019s important to look at the functional evolution of how transportation and the wheel evolved.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Yashuv and her colleague <a href=\"https:\/\/archaeology.huji.ac.il\/people\/leore-grosman\">Leore Grosman<\/a>, also at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, studied 113 partially or fully perforated stones at the Nahal Ein Gev II site, an ancient village just east of the Sea of Galilee. Archaeologists have been uncovering these chalky, predominantly limestone artefacts \u2013 probably made from raw pebbles along the nearby seashore \u2013 since 1972.<\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"This ancient discovery may have inspired the wheel\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/w0vSQTrPhnA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"js-content-prompt-opportunity\"\/><\/p>\n<p>3D scanning revealed that the holes had been drilled halfway through from each side using a flint hand drill, which \u2013 unlike modern drills \u2013 leaves a narrow and twisting cone-like shape, says Yashuv. Measuring 3 to 4 centimetres in diameter, the holes generally ran through the pebble\u2019s centre of gravity.<\/p>\n<p>Drilling from both sides would have helped balance the stone for more stable spinning, says Yashuv. Several of the partially perforated stones had holes that were off-centre, suggesting they might have been errors and thrown out.<\/p>\n<p>The team suspected that the stones, weighing 9 grams on average, were too heavy and \u201cugly\u201d to have been beads and too light and fragile to be used as fishing weights, says Yashuv. Their size, shape and balance around the holes convinced the researchers that the artefacts were spindle whorls.<\/p>\n<p>To test their hypothesis, the researchers created replicat whorls using nearby pebbles and a flint drill. Then they asked <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yonitcrystal.com\/\">Yonit Kristal<\/a>, a traditional craftsperson, to try spinning flax with them.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cShe was really surprised that they worked, because they weren\u2019t perfectly round,\u201d says Yashuv. \u201cBut really you just need the perforation to be located at the centre of mass, and then it\u2019s balanced and it works.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>If the stones are indeed whorls, that could make them the oldest known spinning whorls, she says. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/288373326_BELLIER_C_BOTT_S_CATTELAIN_P_-_1991_Fiche_Rondelles_In_Camps-Fabrer_H_dir_Fiches_typologiques_de_l%27Industrie_de_l%27os_prehistorique_Cahier_IV_Objets_de_parure_Aix-en-Provence_Publication_de_l%27Universit\">A 1991 study on bone and antler artefacts<\/a> uncovered what may be 20,000-year-old whorls, she adds, but the researchers who examined them suggested the pieces were probably decorative clothing accents. Even so, it is possible that people were using whorls even earlier, using wood or other biological materials that would have since deteriorated.<\/p>\n<p>The finding suggests that people were experimenting with rotation technology thousands of years before inventing the pottery wheel and the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/definition\/the-wheel\/\">cart wheel<\/a> about 5500 years ago \u2013 and that the whorls probably helped lead to those inventions, says Yashuv.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cepam.cnrs.fr\/contact\/carole-cheval\/\">Carole Cheval<\/a> at C\u00f4te d\u2019Azur University in Nice, France, is less convinced, however. Whorls work more like a top than a wheel, she explains.<\/p>\n<p>And while the artefacts might very well be whorls, the study lacks microscopic data that would reveal traces of use \u2013 as yarns would have marked the stones over time, Cheval says.<\/p>\n<p>Trace analysis was \u201cbeyond the scope\u201d of the current study, says Yashuv.<\/p>\n<p>Ideally, researchers studying ancient whorls would be skilled in spinning themselves \u2013 which the study authors were not, says Cheval. \u201cIt really changes the way you think about your archaeological finds,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n<section class=\"ArticleTopics\">\n<p class=\"ArticleTopics__Heading\">Topics:<\/p>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<p>[ad_2]<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.newscientist.com\/article\/2456238-12000-year-old-stones-may-be-oldest-example-of-wheel-like-tools\/?utm_campaign=RSS%7CNSNS&#038;utm_source=NSNS&#038;utm_medium=RSS&#038;utm_content=home\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[ad_1] A perforated pebble from the Nahal Ein Gev II archaeological site, which may be an ancient spindle whorl Laurent Davin A set of 12,000-year-old<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":264439,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[177],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/264438"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=264438"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/264438\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/264439"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=264438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=264438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=264438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}