{"id":235549,"date":"2024-06-23T11:11:30","date_gmt":"2024-06-23T11:11:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/2024\/06\/23\/this-is-the-special-sauce-behind-american-exceptionalism\/"},"modified":"2025-06-25T17:16:24","modified_gmt":"2025-06-25T17:16:24","slug":"this-is-the-special-sauce-behind-american-exceptionalism","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/2024\/06\/23\/this-is-the-special-sauce-behind-american-exceptionalism\/","title":{"rendered":"This is the \u2018special sauce\u2019 behind American exceptionalism"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> [ad_1]<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<p>When people hear the term \u201cAmerican exceptionalism,\u201d they tend to think of a jingoistic expression dished out by crass pundits who see the United States\u2019 culture, morals, or broader position in the world as superior to other nations. But ever since the end of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC), this divisive term has slowly taken on a new meaning in financial circles.<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>For economists, analysts, investors, and the like, American exceptionalism refers to the relative outperformance of the U.S. economy and <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/02\/03\/american-exceptionalism-post-covid-economy-stock-market-outlook\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/02\/03\/american-exceptionalism-post-covid-economy-stock-market-outlook\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">stock market<\/a> compared to its developed peers in recent decades, particularly in the wake of the pandemic. It\u2019s the idea that there\u2019s a confluence of factors\u2014a special sauce, if you will\u2014that has made the American economy and markets structurally more robust and resilient in the 21st century.<\/p>\n<p>There\u2019s certainly some evidence to back up this thesis. U.S. GDP per capita has surged compared to its developed peers\u2019 over the past decade.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-datawrapper wp-block-embed-datawrapper\">\n<p><iframe class=\"\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-MGYwD\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"450\" loading=\"lazy\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/MGYwD\/2\/\" style=\"border:none\" title=\"The U.S. economy continues to outperform developed peers\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>In fact, while the U.S. and eurozone had roughly the same overall GDP in 2008, the U.S. economy is now about double the eurozone\u2019s.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>And a decade ago, the Chinese economy\u2019s rise to overtake America\u2019s as the world\u2019s largest was seen as inevitable. But amid a real estate crisis that\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2023\/12\/17\/china-middle-class-real-estate-meltdown-wealth-loss\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2023\/12\/17\/china-middle-class-real-estate-meltdown-wealth-loss\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">battered<\/a> China\u2019s middle class, soaring youth unemployment, a crackdown on businesses, an expanding trade war with the U.S., and the end of debt-driven growth, that trajectory is now in question. Warnings of a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/11\/china-economy-outlook-dead-end-exports-manufacturing-trade\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/11\/china-economy-outlook-dead-end-exports-manufacturing-trade\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">lost decade<\/a>\u201d have gotten louder, especially as President Xi Jinping adopts more ideological policies that weigh on growth.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In financial markets, U.S. outperformance is apparent too. Since the beginning of 2009, U.S. stocks have trounced the competition, with the S&amp;P 500 soaring more than 500%, while Japan\u2019s Nikkei 225 jumped 336%, and Europe\u2019s STOXX EURO 600 rose just 130%. <\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-datawrapper wp-block-embed-datawrapper\">\n<p><iframe class=\"\" aria-label=\"Interactive line chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-J5eAO\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"485\" loading=\"lazy\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/J5eAO\/5\/\" style=\"border:none\" title=\"U.S. stocks' impressive rally isn't showing signs of slowing\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>The list of reasons behind this run of American outperformance is long and varied. Experts point to several long-term strengths, like the U.S.\u2019 labor market flexibility and robust capital markets, as well as more recent or short-lived dynamics, including growing energy independence and an aggressive monetary and fiscal response to COVID-19.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI&#8217;m very much a believer that American exceptionalism isn&#8217;t a temporary phenomenon, but will continue for the rest of the decade and maybe beyond,\u201d Ed Yardeni, the veteran Wall Street strategist and economist who runs Yardeni research, told <em>Fortune<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>In fact, since the beginning of the decade, he&#8217;s been predicting a \u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2023\/12\/11\/stock-market-forecast-2024-ed-yardeni-roaring-2020s\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2023\/12\/11\/stock-market-forecast-2024-ed-yardeni-roaring-2020s\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">Roaring 2020s<\/a> scenario\u201d that features a productivity and AI-induced U.S. economic boom. While some deride claims of American exceptionalism, Yardeni\u2014and a number of other veteran investors like him\u2014are willing to put money on it.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI&#8217;ve been recommending overweighting the U.S. for a long time in a global portfolio, since 2010,\u201d Yardeni said. \u201cI think that that&#8217;s worked really well and should continue to work.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there\u2019s always a counterpoint worth mentioning. MUFG\u2019s head of U.S. macro strategy George Goncalves questioned whether the U.S. economy and markets are truly exceptional, or whether they\u2019re only the \u201ccleanest shirt\u201d in a dirty closet of struggling developed economies. He also noted that the U.S. economy continues to be full of haves and have-nots amid sky-high income and wealth inequality.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAmerican exceptionalism creates this perception that everyone\u2019s benefited,\u201d he said. \u201cAnd I don&#8217;t think that\u2019s true.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Finally, Goncalves wondered if the U.S.\u2019 recent run of outperformance compared to its developed peers can continue, given that so much of it has been driven by record fiscal spending, and the national debt is now over $34.7 trillion.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIs that sustainable? Interest costs matter and consumers have run out of excess savings,\u201d he told <em>Fortune<\/em>. \u201cIt\u2019s almost like a sugar high has created this perception of American exceptionalism when the reality is it was mostly just a big spending spree.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Still, others point to several key advantages, both long- and short-term.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">U.S. \u2018special sauce\u2019: Long-term keys to American exceptionalism<\/h2>\n<p>Chris Konstantinos, chief investment strategist of RiverFront Investment Group, a Richmond-based investment management firm, is an American exceptionalism believer who has been dissecting the factors behind the phenomena for quite a while. In an interview with <em>Fortune<\/em>, he explained that several years ago his team was looking at profit margins in the industrial sector around the world when they noticed that U.S. businesses tended to be \u201cstructurally\u201d more profitable. \u201cIt begged the question of \u2018why?,\u2019\u201d Konstantinos said.<\/p>\n<p>After parsing through lots of data and speaking with experts, the veteran strategist discovered numerous reasons for the American economy\u2019s unique strength, including flexible labor markets, robust capital markets, a culture for nurturing tech and innovation, vast natural resources, younger demographics than developed peers, the dollar\u2019s status as the dominant reserve currency, and many more. But there were a few key long-term advantages that he singled out as being the most important because of their ability to drive productivity growth.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMany countries have these various advantages, but none have the combination\u2014or the entire package\u2014quite like the U.S. does,\u201d Konstantinos said. \u201cI think of it as America\u2019s \u2018special sauce.\u2019\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Labor market flexibility<\/h3>\n<p>First, the U.S. labor market is \u201cless encumbered by regulation\u201d than developed peers, enabling companies to more readily increase or lower the size of the workforce to meet changing industry conditions.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>That might not always be great for workers, but it is good for the economy, according to Konstantinos. Flexible labor markets help U.S. corporations protect profits, increase productivity, and more readily respond to unexpected events like a pandemic or economic crash.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Demographics\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>Second, although headlines about America\u2019s aging population are now common, the reality is that compared to other developed peers, the U.S. is doing well demographically. The median age of U.S. citizens is 38.5 years old, compared to 46.7 in Germany, 48.1 in Italy, and 40.7 in the U.K., and 49.5 in Japan. The U.S. also has higher immigration rates from countries with lower median ages on average.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s true that regions like India, Brazil and Africa have much younger demographics, but compared to most of our current economic peers, we are doing pretty well,\u201d Konstantinos said, noting that \u201ca young, relatively upwardly mobile society tends to produce strong consumption, which helps fuel our economy.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A culture of innovation and robust capital markets<\/h3>\n<p>Third, as <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/jpmorgan-chase\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/jpmorgan-chase\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">JPMorgan Chase<\/a> CEO Jamie Dimon <a href=\"https:\/\/finance.yahoo.com\/news\/warren-buffett-called-this-jamie-dimon-interview-off-the-charts-122945995.html\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/finance.yahoo.com\/news\/warren-buffett-called-this-jamie-dimon-interview-off-the-charts-122945995.html\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">said<\/a> in 2016, Americans have \u201cinnovation from the core of our bones,\u201d and are willing to take on risks to start new businesses, enter new industries, and invest in themselves.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>While many have questioned whether the American Dream is still alive, immigrants worldwide also continue to flock to the U.S. for a better life and can have immense success when they get here. Look no further than the Taiwanese-American <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/nvidia\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/nvidia\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">Nvidia<\/a> co-founder Jensen Huang, or the South African-American <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/tesla\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/company\/tesla\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">Tesla<\/a> CEO Elon Musk for evidence of this reality.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Ignoring the slightly nationalistic rhetoric of Dimon, there are some structural factors that facilitate U.S. innovation, including the ease of starting new businesses in the U.S. compared to other developed nations; the quality of U.S. intellectual property protection; as well as significant government spending on research and development that benefits private enterprises.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. is often considered a better place to do business when taking into account the more onerous regulations in Europe. In fact, it\u2019s the sixth most business-friendly nation worldwide, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/IC.BUS.EASE.XQ?most_recent_value_desc=true&amp;skipRedirection=true&amp;view=map\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/data.worldbank.org\/indicator\/IC.BUS.EASE.XQ?most_recent_value_desc=true&amp;skipRedirection=true&amp;view=map\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">the World Bank<\/a>, while the U.K. is eighth on that list, Germany is 22nd, Canada is 23rd, Japan is 30th, and France is 33rd. A lack of patent protection in China has also led many companies to fear entering the country. China steals between $225 billion and $500 billion worth of IP annually, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cyfirma.com\/?post_type=out-of-band&amp;p=17908\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.cyfirma.com\/?post_type=out-of-band&amp;p=17908\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">estimates<\/a> from the cyber intelligence company CyFirma.<\/p>\n<p>With big tech companies\u2019 profits soaring, the U.S. is only increasing its research and development spending overall as well. \u201cAnd that&#8217;s paying off in more innovations and so on,\u201d according to Yardeni.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI think another point you might want to make is that the U.S. has the most developed and sophisticated capital markets in the world,\u201d Yardeni added. \u201cSo the U.S. has the ability to provide a great deal of financing for all sorts of innovation and startups.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The veteran investor noted that the U.S.\u2019s giant investment banks, venture capital firms, and private credit lenders all boost innovation by providing equity and debt financing for new businesses, business expansions, and more.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The productivity edge<\/h3>\n<p>The factors listed above are critical to American exceptionalism in various ways, but Konstantinos said their main benefit could be their contribution to the U.S.\u2019 productivity advantage and higher rate of corporate earnings growth.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>To his point, U.S. productivity, as measured by real GDP per hour worked, has surged compared to its developed peers for decades now, and that\u2019s only accelerated since the pandemic.<\/p>\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\" style=\"margin:auto;max-width:757px\"><img loading=\"lazy\" alt=\"\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"757\" height=\"533\" decoding=\"async\" data-nimg=\"1\" style=\"color:transparent;height:auto;object-fit:cover;width:100%;background-size:cover;background-position:50% 50%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-image:url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg xmlns='http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg' viewBox='0 0 757 533'%3E%3Cfilter id='b' color-interpolation-filters='sRGB'%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'\/%3E%3CfeColorMatrix values='1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 100 -1' result='s'\/%3E%3CfeFlood x='0' y='0' width='100%25' height='100%25'\/%3E%3CfeComposite operator='out' in='s'\/%3E%3CfeComposite in2='SourceGraphic'\/%3E%3CfeGaussianBlur stdDeviation='20'\/%3E%3C\/filter%3E%3Cimage width='100%25' height='100%25' x='0' y='0' preserveAspectRatio='none' style='filter: url(%23b);' href='data:image\/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAADUlEQVR42mO8fv1mPQAIHAMIsIR6agAAAABJRU5ErkJggg=='\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;)\" sizes=\"100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=320&amp;q=75 320w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=384&amp;q=75 384w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=480&amp;q=75 480w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=576&amp;q=75 576w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=768&amp;q=75 768w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=1024&amp;q=75 1024w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=1280&amp;q=75 1280w, https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=1440&amp;q=75 1440w\" src=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Screenshot-2024-06-21-at-1.01.40-PM.png?w=1440&amp;q=75\"\/><\/p>\n<p>RiverFront Investment Group<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Short and medium-term drivers of American exceptionalism post-pandemic<\/h2>\n<p>Beyond the long-running trends in American business and culture that may help create a form of American exceptionalism, there are numerous factors that have helped the U.S. economy outperform in just the past few years.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fiscal, monetary stimulus\u2014enabled by dollar dominance<\/h3>\n<p>Record fiscal spending and loose monetary policy were key drivers of U.S. outperformance during and after the COVID era. While developed nations worldwide implemented spending programs meant to prevent job losses and boost the economy, the U.S. federal government was by far the most aggressive, dishing out <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/products\/gao-23-106647\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.gao.gov\/products\/gao-23-106647\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">$4.6 trillion<\/a>, or roughly 10% of U.S. GDP in both 2020 and 2021, through six COVID-19 relief packages.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-datawrapper wp-block-embed-datawrapper\">\n<p><iframe class=\"\" aria-label=\"Bar Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-A0n6Y\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"375\" loading=\"lazy\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/A0n6Y\/5\/\" style=\"border:none\" title=\"Pandemic economic support among developed economies\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<p>After the big spending packages of the COVID era, a string of legislation from President Joe Biden\u2014including the $1.2 trillion Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, the $280 billion CHIPS and Science Act, and even parts of the Inflation Reduction Act\u2014also helped to kickstart the U.S. economy.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Jay Hatfield, CEO of Infrastructure Capital Advisors, explained that this spending drove investment into manufacturing and construction at a critical weak point for the U.S. when the Fed was rapidly raising interest rates, helping to prevent a recession.<\/p>\n<p>Although Hatfield criticized some of the fiscal policies of the pandemic era, labeling them a form of \u201chelicopter money\u201d that only served to exacerbate inflation, he argued that Biden\u2019s \u201cinfrastructure spending that offset construction weakness\u2026was the appropriate counter cyclical investment.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Konstantinos noted that the benefits of this extreme level of fiscal spending are only available to the U.S. because of the dominant position of the dollar. By contrast, a country that borrows heavily in another country\u2019s currency risks sparking a crisis in its own currency if debts look less sustainable.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou can see this in the availability and relatively low cost of capital in the U.S. relative to other areas, even with the U.S.\u2019 high government debt burden,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Energy independence<\/h3>\n<p>The U.S. is also far less reliant on energy imports than other developed nations. That wasn\u2019t always true, but both U.S. natural gas and oil production hit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=61263#:~:text=U.S.%20dry%20natural%20gas%20production,Bcf%2Fd)%20from%202022.\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.eia.gov\/todayinenergy\/detail.php?id=61263#:~:text=U.S.%20dry%20natural%20gas%20production,Bcf%2Fd)%20from%202022.\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">record highs<\/a> in 2023. The United States now produces more oil than any country in history, an average of nearly 13 million barrels per day in 2023, up from just 4.5 million <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/opub\/btn\/volume-2\/reemergence-of-the-united-states-as-a-global-petroleum-producer.htm#:~:text=While%20production%20in%20Alaska%20declined,barrels%20per%20day%20in%202012.\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.bls.gov\/opub\/btn\/volume-2\/reemergence-of-the-united-states-as-a-global-petroleum-producer.htm#:~:text=While%20production%20in%20Alaska%20declined,barrels%20per%20day%20in%202012.\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">in 2009<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This relative energy independence helped to insulate Americans against at least some of the pain that came when oil and natural gas prices spiked after Russia\u2019s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, while Europe wasn\u2019t so lucky. Natural gas prices in Europe, which was highly reliant on Russian imports, peaked at over over $70 per million British Thermal Units (BTU) in August 2022 after the Ukraine war began, compared to a peak of just $10 per million BTU in the U.S.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Reduced impact of rising rates\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>Rising interest rates have held back developed economies worldwide over the past few years, but U.S. consumers and businesses were more prepared than most.<\/p>\n<p>As BlackRock\u2019s global CIO of fixed income, Rick Rieder, explained in a late April interview with <em>Fortune<\/em>, many large U.S. corporations and wealthy retiring boomers have effectively become net <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/23\/blackrock-rick-rieder-fed-inflation-fighting-strategy-failing-interview\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/23\/blackrock-rick-rieder-fed-inflation-fighting-strategy-failing-interview\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">lenders<\/a>, rather than borrowers over the past few years due to low debt and high cash levels. With rates rising, that\u2019s led to a significant economy- and inflation-boosting income stream for some key businesses and consumers, rather than the typical spending slowdown caused by rising borrowing costs.<\/p>\n<p>Something similar happened in the mortgage market as well. Many Americans were able to lock in low interest rates during the pandemic, insulating themselves from rising borrowing costs over the past few years. This was only possible because, unlike many other developed nations, the most common mortgage in the U.S. is a 30-year fixed rate mortgage.<\/p>\n<p>In the U.S., 79% of all mortgages had fixed rates of 30 or 15 years in 2023, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bankrate.com\/mortgages\/mortgage-statistics\/#type\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.bankrate.com\/mortgages\/mortgage-statistics\/#type\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">Bankrate<\/a>. However, in the U.K., for example, 74% of mortgages currently have interest rates that are fixed for just two to five years before they need to be refinanced, according to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fca.org.uk\/publication\/research\/switching-in-the-mortgage-market-update-august-2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.fca.org.uk\/publication\/research\/switching-in-the-mortgage-market-update-august-2022.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">data<\/a> from the U.K.\u2019s Financial Conduct Authority.<\/p>\n<p>As a result, while a majority of U.K. mortgage holders have now had to refinance at higher rates, nearly 90% of U.S. homeowners still have mortgage rates under 6%, even as average 30-year mortgage rates spiked to 8% last year before falling to nearly 7% today, Redfin <a href=\"https:\/\/investors.redfin.com\/news-events\/press-releases\/detail\/1030\/redfin-report-89-of-people-with-mortgages-have-an#:~:text=Below%206%25%3A%2088.5%25%20of,the%20first%20quarter%20of%202022.\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/investors.redfin.com\/news-events\/press-releases\/detail\/1030\/redfin-report-89-of-people-with-mortgages-have-an#:~:text=Below%206%25%3A%2088.5%25%20of,the%20first%20quarter%20of%202022.\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">data<\/a> shows.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>With all this in mind, even Fed officials are beginning to consider \u201cthe possibility that high interest rates may be having smaller effects than in the past,\u201d <a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/22\/jerome-powell-federal-reserve-economy-inflation-minutes-interest-rates\/\" target=\"_self\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/05\/22\/jerome-powell-federal-reserve-economy-inflation-minutes-interest-rates\/\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\" rel=\"noopener\">the minutes<\/a> of the May 1 Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) meeting revealed.<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The wealth effect from baby boomers\u00a0<\/h3>\n<p>American baby boomers are collectively worth over $78 trillion, making them the wealthiest generation of retirees in history. For reference, total European wealth\u2014across the entire continent for every generation\u2014was $104 trillion in 2022, according to UBS\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ubs.com\/global\/en\/family-office-uhnw\/reports\/global-wealth-report-2023.html\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.ubs.com\/global\/en\/family-office-uhnw\/reports\/global-wealth-report-2023.html\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">Global Wealth Report 2023<\/a>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>This immense wealth has helped the U.S. economy thrive over the past few years by supporting consumer spending, which makes up roughly 70% of GDP.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe baby boomers have had a very important impact on the economy. They&#8217;re retiring and that\u2019s one of the reasons that consumer spending has held up, because they&#8217;re spending their retirement assets,\u201d Yardeni explained. \u201cI think that&#8217;s been an important source of strength.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-datawrapper wp-block-embed-datawrapper\">\n<p><iframe class=\"\" aria-label=\"Pie Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-6itdv\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"632\" loading=\"lazy\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/datawrapper.dwcdn.net\/6itdv\/2\/\" style=\"border:none\" title=\"Baby Boomers are the wealthiest generation of retirees ever\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/figure>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">More AI-linked stocks, tech-focused universities amid the AI boom<\/h3>\n<p>Tech dominance has also been key to the success of U.S. stocks in recent years. That\u2019s largely because the AI boom has mostly benefited tech stocks, particularly big tech stocks, and eight out of 10 of the world\u2019s largest tech companies being U.S.-based. The semiconductor giant Nvidia alone has accounted for roughly 34% of the rise in the S&amp;P 500 this year.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere&#8217;s no other country that has anything like the Magnificent Seven,\u201d Yardeni noted. \u201cAnd these technology companies are extraordinarily successful, generating lots of profits and cash, so that they can continue to spend money on research and development.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The U.S. certainly has more tech companies that can take advantage of the AI boom than its developed peers, and one key strength that makes this possible is the U.S. university system and its research and development.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cTech and universities are another big factor\u2014and those go together,\u201d Infrastructure Capital\u2019s Hatfield said. \u201cIt&#8217;s not an accident that the tech industry is in the Bay Area, it\u2019s because Stanford, and to a lesser degree, Berkeley, are there.\u201d<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">An era of corporate tax competitiveness<\/h3>\n<p>Former President Donald Trump\u2019s corporate tax cuts are another major factor that has helped the U.S. outperform its developed peers in recent years, according to Infrastructure Capital\u2019s Hatfield. Trump cut the corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% in 2017, putting the U.S. more in line with developed peers.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe now have a competitive corporate tax rate, where we didn&#8217;t prior to 2017,\u201d Hatfield said, arguing that this has made U.S. corporations more resilient, more likely to invest in growth or R&amp;D, and helped prevent key U.S. companies from domiciling in more tax-friendly regions, thereby improving economic growth.<\/p>\n<p>To be sure, not all that money went to innovation and investment. Trump\u2019s tax cuts also spurred a stock buyback surge. In just the first 45 days after Trump\u2019s Tax Cuts and Jobs Act became effective, there was a record $145 billion in stock buybacks by U.S. companies, according to data from Birinyi Associates, per <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2018\/02\/15\/companies-buying-back-stock-at-record-pace-since-trump-tax-bill-may-aid-markets-comeback.html\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"Go to https:\/\/www.cnbc.com\/2018\/02\/15\/companies-buying-back-stock-at-record-pace-since-trump-tax-bill-may-aid-markets-comeback.html\" rel=\"noopener\" class=\"sc-80b85506-0 pUpMT\">CNBC<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Still, Hatfield argued that the corporate tax cuts have been the most important factor in the U.S.\u2019s recent string of economic exceptionalism. \u201cPartly because people don&#8217;t appreciate it, and politicians want to be in denial about it\u2026.but it&#8217;s critical to global competitiveness,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A word of caution<\/h2>\n<p>When it comes to what American exceptionalism means for investors, experts are mostly optimistic.<\/p>\n<p>The bulls\u2014Konstantinos, Yardeni, and Hatfield\u2014all believe American exceptionalism is here to stay, and that investors should keep that in mind moving forward. Yardeni said that he\u2019s expecting U.S. stocks to continue their \u201cmelt-up\u201d this year and beyond as AI boosts productivity, inflation fades, and the Fed (eventually) cuts rates.<\/p>\n<p>Infrastructure Capital\u2019s Hatfield noted that he\u2019s been bullish for years now, even when others were predicting a U.S. recession, due to many of the structural advantages the U.S. economy has over its peers. The Wall Street veteran currently has a 6,000 price target for the S&amp;P 500 this year, and he said one of the main reasons why is quite simple: \u201cthe AI boom is broader than people thought.\u201d\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Riverfront\u2019s Konstantinos also said he currently favors the U.S. over international markets, and has for some time, even if international valuations are often more appealing. \u201cAmerican \u2018economic exceptionalism\u2019 does mean higher and more stable cash flows from U.S. public companies in our view, which we believe has led to superior returns,\u201d he argued.<\/p>\n<p>However, over the longer-term, Konstantinos argued that a \u201creflationary global economic backdrop\u201d could benefit the earnings of some of the more cyclically-oriented businesses in developed markets abroad. \u201cStay tuned,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>And, as a reminder, MUFG\u2019s Goncalves warns that what may seem like American exceptionalism on the surface, could actually be just a matter of chance. \u201cI look at it like this was the way the stars aligned. You had a lot of savings, and you had a lot of money thrown into the system, all these these fiscal measures, and then that can be conflated as \u2018Oh, it&#8217;s exceptionalism. But in reality, it&#8217;s just a lot of spending,\u2019\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>[ad_2]<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/2024\/06\/23\/american-exceptionalism-us-economic-outlook-stock-market-forecast-dollar-dominance-europe-china\/\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[ad_1] When people hear the term \u201cAmerican exceptionalism,\u201d they tend to think of a jingoistic expression dished out by crass pundits who see the United<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":235550,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235549"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=235549"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/235549\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/235550"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=235549"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=235549"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/michigandigitalnews.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=235549"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}