\n
![](\"https:\/\/fortune.com\/img-assets\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/GettyImages-2151016896-e1718216987203.jpg?w=2048\")
<\/p>\n [ad_1]
\n<\/p>\n
Federal Reserve officials said Wednesday that inflation has fallen further<\/a> toward their target level in recent months but signaled that they expect to cut their benchmark interest rate just once this year.<\/p>\n The policymakers\u2019 forecast for one rate cut was down from a previous forecast of three, because inflation<\/a>, despite having cooled in the past two months, remains persistently elevated<\/a>.<\/p>\n In a statement issued after its two-day meeting, the Fed said the economy is growing at a solid pace, while hiring has \u201cremained strong.\u201d The officials also noted that in recent months there has been \u201cmodest\u201d further progress toward their 2% inflation target. That is a more positive assessment than after the Fed\u2019s previous meeting May 1, when the officials had noted a lack of progress.<\/p>\n Still, the central bank made clear Wednesday that further improvement is needed.<\/p>\n \u201cWe\u2019ll need to see more good data to bolster our confidence that inflation is moving sustainably toward 2%,\u201d Chair Jerome Powell said at a news conference after the Fed meeting ended.<\/p>\n The policymakers, as expected, kept their key rate unchanged at roughly 5.3%. The benchmark rate has remained at that level since July of last year, after the Fed raised it 11 times to try to slow borrowing and spending and cool inflation. Fed rate cuts would, over time, lighten loan costs for consumers, who have faced punishingly high rates for mortgages, auto loans, credit cards and other forms of borrowing.<\/p>\n The officials\u2019 rate-cut forecast reflects the individual estimates of 19 policymakers. The Fed said eight of the officials projected two rate cuts. Seven projected one cut. Four of the policymakers envisioned no cuts at all this year.<\/p>\n \u201cWhat everyone agrees on,\u201d Powell said at his news conference, is that the Fed\u2019s timetable for rate cuts is \u201cgoing to be data-dependent.\u201d<\/p>\n The Fed\u2019s latest projections are by no means fixed in time. The policymakers frequently revise their plans for rate cuts \u2014 or hikes \u2014 depending on how economic growth and inflation evolve over time.<\/p>\n On Wednesday morning, the government reported that inflation eased in May<\/a> for a second straight month, a hopeful sign that an acceleration of prices that occurred early this year may have passed. Consumer prices excluding volatile food and energy costs \u2014 the closely watched \u201ccore\u201d index \u2014 rose just 0.2% from April, the smallest rise since October. Measured from a year earlier, core prices climbed 3.4%, the mildest pace in three years.<\/p>\n \u201cWe welcome today\u2019s reading and hope for more like that,\u201d Powell said.<\/p>\n Stock prices jumped and bond yields fell Wednesday morning after the government reported the milder-than-expected inflation data \u2014 and didn\u2019t budge much even after the Fed\u2019s policymakers projected fewer rate cuts for 2024 than the market had expected.<\/p>\n Though inflation has tumbled from a peak of 9.1% two years ago, it remains too high for the Fed\u2019s liking. The policymakers now face the delicate task of keeping rates high enough to slow spending and defeat high inflation without derailing the economy.<\/p>\n The central bank\u2019s rate policies over the next several months could also have consequences for the presidential race. Though the unemployment rate is a low 4%, hiring is robust and consumers continue to spend, voters have taken a generally sour view of the economy<\/a> under President Joe Biden. In large part, that\u2019s because prices remain much higher than they were before the pandemic struck. High borrowing rates impose a further financial burden.<\/p>\n Inflation had cooled steadily in the second half of last year, raising hopes that the Fed could achieve a rare \u201csoft landing,\u201d whereby it would manage to conquer inflation through rate hikes without causing a recession. But inflation came in unexpectedly high in the first three months of this year<\/a>, delaying hoped-for Fed rate cuts and potentially imperiling a soft landing.<\/p>\n Last month, Christopher Waller, an influential member of the Fed\u2019s Board of Governors, said he needed to see \u201cseveral more months of good inflation data\u201d before he would consider supporting rate cuts. Though Waller didn\u2019t spell out what would constitute good data, economists think it would have to be core inflation of 0.2% or less each month.<\/p>\n Asked at his news conference about the eventual need for rate cuts, Powell said, \u201cWe think ultimately if you set (interest rate) policy at the restrictive level, eventually you will see real weakening in the economy.\u201d<\/p>\n Though the economy has managed to keep growing despite the high rates the central bank has engineered, the Fed chair said that \u201cultimately, we think rates will have to come down to continue to support that. So far, they haven\u2019t had to.\u201d<\/p>\n As part of the updated quarterly forecasts the policymakers issued Wednesday, they projected that the economy will grow 2.1% this year and 2% in 2025, the same as they had envisioned in March. They expect core inflation to be 2.8% by year\u2019s end, according to their preferred gauge, up from a previous forecast of 2.6%. And they project that unemployment will stay at its current 4% rate by the end of this year and edge up to 4.2% by the end of 2025.<\/p>\n The expectation that the unemployment rate will remain around those low levels indicates that the officials believe that while the job market will gradually slow, it will remain fundamentally healthy.<\/p>\n \u201cBy so many measures,\u201d Powell said, \u201cthe labor market was kind of overheated two years ago, and we\u2019ve seen it move back into much better balance between supply and demand.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\nA range of predictions<\/h2>\n
Markets slump on good economic news<\/h2>\n
\u2018Rates will have to come down\u2019<\/h2>\n
Subscribe to the CFO Daily newsletter to keep up with the trends, issues, and executives shaping corporate finance. Sign up<\/a> for free.<\/div>\n